原文：
              当一辆改装车从身旁飞驰而过，我们时常会听到“嗡嗡……”的一段发动机加速声音后，又传来“呲……”的一声——这给人让人传递了冲劲十足的感觉。这声音是从那里传来的？为什么普通民用车，或者一些高性能跑车上都没有这样的声音 气动执行器（而一些普通的改装车却有）？ 其实这种特有的“呲……”声是涡轮增压发动机的卸压阀在卸压时所发出的声音，可以说，所有的涡轮增压发动机都会产生这种声音，只不过对于日常民用车而言，厂家在设计时会将这种声音作为噪音来处理，尽可能地将它降低。限位开关做法是将压力泄到进气歧管内，因此噪音很小——这种泄压方式叫做内泄式。 对于装配涡轮增压发动机的普通民用车而言，不仔细听一般都无法觉察到有卸压时的“呲呲”声。

          这就好比对于普通民用车，发动机噪音和隆隆的排气声是属于负面参数（而高性能车有时则可以强调这种声音），原厂设计时尽可能的将这种声音消除。而对于喜欢驾驶乐趣的车友，这种声音则成了激发其驾驶激情的催化剂（我们经常看见很多车的排气管被改得像炮筒一般，声音也隆隆的震天响）。 除了激发驾驶激情以外，“炫”也是改装的诉求之一，很多人希望将自己的车改得像超高性能车，即便车子动力并不是特别强。一般来说，液位计涡轮增压发动机发出 “呲、呲”声的大小是与增压强度相关的——大涡轮增压器更容易发出这样的声音。因此如果这种声音比较大，可以显得这台车的增压器较大，让人有很炫的感觉。 许多改装发烧友也是出于这个目的，把自己民用车发动机（如宝来1.8T、帕萨特1.8T）的内泄式泄压改成了外泄式，并进一步加大“呲”声，其道理与炮筒式的排气管很类似。那么，为什么涡轮增压发动机会发出这样的声音呢？ 当我们踏下油门踏板加速时，节气门打开，发动机就会发随着转速的提升发出“恩……”的声音，发动机排出高温高压的废气能量推动废气涡轮旋转，当达到涡轮增压器工作时的转速（也就是使涡轮旋转在每分钟10万转以上时），定位器涡轮增压器才将周围的空气进行压缩，使发动机进气量增加、提升发动机的动力性。 在当我们收油时，节气门开度迅速减小直至处于关闭的怠速状态，也就是说发动机不需要进气了，或者说进气管中的气流会在节气阀处受阻。

         但此时此刻涡轮增压器并没有停止工作！由于惯性，涡轮增压器仍然保持在每分钟10万转以上的转速继续旋转着。现在可以想象，此时的空气仍然继续被源源不断地压缩进入进气管中，如果在进气管中这部分高压空气不能被及时排走，就会使进气管中压力迅速升高，有可能造成节气门损害或进气管爆裂。 这时，就需要在进气管道中加装一个卸压装置，来卸掉管道中来自进气涡轮压缩后的多余高压空气。实际上泄压阀就是安装在进气管上一个阀门，用以控制增压压力。泄压阀的开闭由ECU（电子控制单元）操纵的电磁线圈控制。

         阻火器ECU会根据涡轮出口增压的压力高低来做出判断，一旦压力超过临界值时，就会对电磁线圈进行通电或断电控制，从而开启或关闭泄压阀。 当卸压阀关闭时以保证进气管内有足够的进气压力为依据，当阀门打开能将多余的气体泄到大气中，减轻进气道内压力，保护发动机进气管道。所以我们听到改装车上的“呲、呲”声就是泄压阀在泄压排气时的声音。 事实上，改装车上发出的“呲、呲”声对于提升发动机性能提升没有任何意义，只不过能渲染出一种增压值很大的假象。相对来说，增压值越大的发动机，这种泄压阀泄压排出的空气也就越多，理论上产生的噪音也就越大。而改装车的时候，将泄压阀泄压时的声音进行放大，就像采用大炮筒排气管一样——动静很酷，却没有什么实际效果。

“ Pressure relief valve turbocharged engine relief principle ”是由中国减压阀网提供的阀门行业新闻，译文仅供参考。另外，中国减压阀网还提供相关产品搜索： 蒸汽减压阀、 天然气减压阀、 液化气减压阀(煤气减压阀)、 氢气减压阀、 氮气减压阀 等。

译文：
            When a modified vehicle from the side and flashed by, we often hear "the buzz ... ..." the voice section of the engine speed after he heard "bared ... ..." bang - it gives people the momentum transfer full of feeling. This sound is coming from there? Why do ordinary civilian vehicles, or some high-performance sports car is no sound at all (and thereSafety Relief Valves are some common modified car)? In fact, this unique "bared ... ..." sound is a pressure relief valve turbocharged engine in the relief given by the voice, can be said that all of the turbo engine will produce this sound, but for the everyday civilian vehicle , the manufacturers in the design will be to deal with the sound as noise, reducing it as much as possible. Practice is to vent the pressure to the intake manifold and therefore noise is small - this method is called within the pressure relief vent type. Turbocharged engine for the general assembly of civilian cars are concerned, do not listen carefully, are generally not aware of a relief when the "bared bared" sound. This is like for ordinary civilian vehicles, the engine noise and the rumble of the exhaust sound parameters are negative (and high-performance car, you can emphasize the sound sometimes), original design as much as possible to eliminate this kind of sound. For like the fun new friends, this voice became the catalyst to inspire his driving passion (we often see a lot of car exhaust pipe Balance Valvesto be changed like barrel general, sound of rumbling loudly). In addition to driving passion beyond excited, "Xuan" is also one of the modified demands, many people want to change your car like a super-high-performance car, even if the vehicle power is not particularly strong. In general, the turbocharged engine is "bared, bared" the size of the sound intensity is related with the booster - a large turbocharger easier to issue such a voice. So if this sounds relatively large, can become the vehicle with a larger turbocharger, with a shining people feel. Many fans are converted for this purpose for civilian vehicle engine itself (such as Bora 1.8T, Passat 1.8T) Pressure Relief internal vent leakage into the style, and further increase the "frowns" sound, the reason and barrel-style is very similar to the exhaust pipe. Why, then, turbo engine sounds like it will be issued? When we stepped under the gas pedal to accelerate, the throttle opening, engine speed will improve with the issue of hair, "well ... ..." sound, the engine exhaust temperature and high pressure gas turbine exhaust energy to promote the rotation, when the turbocharger to work When the speed (that is, the turbine rotating in turn per minute for more thanInstrumentation Ball Valves 100,000), only the turbocharger compresses the air around, so an increase inflow of engine to enhance engine power performance. In when we receive the oil, the throttle opening decreases rapidly until at the close of the idle state, that does not require the intake of the engine, or in the air intake pipe will be capped at the damper. But one turbocharger not stop working! As the inertia turbochargers per minute remained in the transfer of more than 100,000 continue to rotate with speed. Now imagine, at this time still continue to be an endless stream of air compressed into the intake manifold, if the intake pipe in this part of the high-pressure air can not be discharged in time, will enable the rapid rise of pressure into the trachea, may cause Festival valve damage or intake pipe burst. Then, you need to install the inlet Needle & Gauge Valvespipe of a pressure relief device to removal of the pipeline from the gas turbine into the high-pressure compressed air excess. In fact relief valve is installed in the intake manifold on a valve to control boost pressure. Pressure relief valve opening and closing by a ECU (electronic control unit) control the electromagnetic coil control. ECU will be exported under the turbo supercharger pressure level to make judgments, if the pressure exceeds the critical value, the electromagnetic coil will be energized or power control to open or close the pressure relief valve. When the relief valve closed in order to ensure adequate intake pipe of the intake according to the pressure when the valve can open the vent excess gas into the atmosphere, reduce the inlet pressure to protect the engine intake pipe. So we converted the car to hear Instrument Manifoldsthe "bared, bared" sound is the exhaust pressure relief valve in the pressure relief when the voice. In fact, converting the car to issue a "bared, bared" sound to enhance engine performance upgrade for no purpose, except to render a kind of illusion of great value booster. In contrast, the greater the value of the engine booster, this relief valve venting the exhaust air the more, in theory, the greater the noise. The modified car when the pressure relief valve pressure relief to amplify the voices of the time, as the same as using a large barrel exhaust pipes - movement is cool, but no real effect.

原文来源：http://www.1jianyafa.com/

2010-08-27 02:14

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